Subcultures of violence in american society Research Paper

Subcultures of violence in american society - Research Paper Example Generally speaking, subculture refers to those smaller groups of people who are the part of a larger culture and engage in a specific activity which other refrain from doing. Here the subculture is performing violence and assaults, and take it as honor and pride to indulge in them. It is widely seen that the people in lower class or poverty line engage in violence and assaults as compared to people in other classes. Violence is an integral part of human being and throughout history he has proven this fact. Where there existed a society or community there was a prominent presence of violence, fights and hatred. However, America being a fast moving city has given home to many law violators, aggressive criminals and illegal activist. According to(Time) â€Å"In the U.S. today, it seems to many that violence is in the ascendant over cooperation, disruption over order, and anger over reason†. More or less major population who engage is violent behavior is the black population of Am erica. Sadly, they become violent because of the vengeance and bitterness they harbor in their mind towards their family and the society, and little less is done by law abiders to pacify them. Being violent and involving in crime and homicides can also be connected to psychological and physiological problems infested among wrong doers. The root of all evilness in mind is coming from various problems occurred in their childhood or family life during the past. â€Å"Children who grew up in a family without a male presence are more likely to engage in criminal activity ,specifically interpersonal crime ,than those grew up in traditional family†(Dibich,20). It is found that children with a single parent are more likely to commit crime than one who has been raised in a whole some family. If a child during the early years of his life misses the love and caring from one of the parent, they tend to find relief by committing violent activities and crime. If one look or analyze the cri me scene of American society, it can be easily revealed that black Americans are indulging in violence than white Americans. The crime filled dark streets have eventually become the hard truth of American urban culture and law abiders are not seemingly doing much about it. The senseless killing and cruelsome attacks are reckoning to be the black image of the American city life. A fire arm possession has become a right of every citizen of America and thus over 50 million homes has guns in the name of self defence.Such large possession of fire arms are giving opportunity to violent people to conduct any sort of atrocities to a strangers or family members in a moment of rage. In America the Southern region has been distinctively tagged as the violent region than rest of the country. And many study has a shown that this region leads in assaults and homicides in the country. However, the reason for south to remain a violent state has been a question to ponder on by researchers and sociol ogist. Many believe that the historical background of the southern region is to blame for this kind of criminology while other believes that poverty and social inequality is the real culprit. There is also an accepted concept in the southern region of America that one can enhance their honor and reputation by engaging in violence and criminal activities. The culture of a particular individual has a major role in determining the way he conducts himself in day to day

Adolescents Motivation Toward the Environment Assignment

Adolescents Motivation Toward the Environment - Assignment Example Adolescents face lesser control over environment behaviors than academic behaviors. The present study postulates three hypotheses: first, increased environmental motivation clubbed with frequent environmental attitudes, second, it is greater in an environment than academic, third, it is more in older than younger students. All these studies were tested considering gender; however, the study has not examined gender differences in older students’ motivation toward the environment. In this research, a total of 200 students split into 5 age groups were chosen for the study. Out of these 200, a section of 74 has already participated in a similar study a year ago. The study found that adolescents reported a higher autonomy in their environment than academic behaviors and autonomous environmental motivation was higher in older than younger students. The study has certain limitations as all the samples were from a suburban, French-speaking middle-class white student. The sample was in very small scale to be precisely it is only 126 students. The findings say that the youth have better environmental behavior but increasing alienation from school. The research paper clearly states that there is a need to study whether the adolescents are motivated to adopt environmental behaviors and says that self-determination theory (SDT) put forward the fact that people engaged in environmental related behaviors have developed autonomous motivation towards those behaviors. The present study poses three hypotheses like increased environmental motivation correlates with frequent environmental behaviors, it is greater in environmental than education and autonomous environmental is higher in adolescents than in younger students. Though these hypotheses were tested considering the gender, no study was conducted on gender differences in adolescents motivation through the environment. Earlier researches in this field have been mentioned, but not included in the study

Small business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Small business - Essay Example Although the business is doing well, it is important to mention that the business currently faces quite a number of challenges that. These include rising competition by rival companies, seasonal lows leading to losses at certain times of the year, and the challenge of many tourists in that most do not speak the Arabic language. Nonetheless, the company has managed to come up with such strategies as training her staff on various foreign languages, maximizing on the peak season in order to make up for the off-peak, and providing better products and series to clients. In terms of maintaining customer satisfaction, Green Era Travel has always ensured that the needs of the customers are given first priority. Besides, the company undertakes robust online marketing campaign in order to reach a broader spectrum of tourists who may be willing to visit United Arab Emirates. In this regard, the most valuable advice that can be learnt from the business is consistency and customer valuing at all times. Indeed, this strategy has seen Green Era Travel maintain a constant grip of an appreciable share of the UAE travel and tours market for the past one

Trace the historical deveopment of payment systems from cash to Research Paper

Trace the historical deveopment of payment systems from cash to negotiable instruments to electonic funds transfer and debit cards - Research Paper Example s related to payment systems for the business transactions (Economy Watch, â€Å"Global Economy†) In this regard, organizations and inhabitants are able to undertake the operations nationally as well as in a global context with better efficiency and effectiveness. The transactions include transfer of goods and/or services, investment and fund among others. Thus, in the modern day context numerous transactions take place on a daily basis. These transactions deal with acquisition of financial assets, goods and other services. In this regards, a well defined payment system significantly aids to recognize as an important function in order to eliminate the fictions in the trading environment (BSP, â€Å"What is a payment system?†). Payment system comprises of various instruments, banking procedures along with the interbank transfer of funds to regulate the transfer of funds both nationally and internationally environment. Banking transaction between the parties is an important medium in the developed economy for making payments. Besides, the payment system is an important part of the economic and financial infrastructure. The effective functioning of the payment system enables the transaction to be completed safely and within the time. Moreover, the payment system is highly affected due to the high exposure of risk to the parties to the contract. Thus, the consideration of the proper security measure in order to control the feature of payment system is also very important to mitigate the risk related to it (CPSS 431-449) Correspondingly, the payment system allows the buyers and sellers to complete the transaction in very safe and timely manner in electronic forms. In this regard, it can also be affirmed that t he payment system is the key determinant of financial markets to settle the trading agreements that include government securities, stocks, foreign exchange, commercial paper and bonds among others. Likewise, there are various risks attached to the payment system

Social psych Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social psych - Essay Example In this study, the participants were presented with stimuli such as exposure to positive Black situations and negative White situations. The participants’ perceptions were then assessed before the stimuli and a day after the presentation. The results of the experiment that participants who were subjected to â€Å"positive Black and negative white† situations had lesser level of prejudice but their â€Å"explicit racial prejudice† remained the same. President Obama can be regarded as positive African American example, and his electoral win could effect change on attitudes toward African Americans. This is the presumption and has to be proven through a review of the literature and of past experiments by researchers. But the literature cited in Bernstein et al (2010) also cited that stereotypes and prejudices do not succumb to change so easily (Fiske & Neuberg, 1990 cited in Bernstein et al, 2010), which could lead to the conclusion that Obama’s electoral vic tory may not change people’s perception after all. Or, there could be varied perceptions and attitude change as a result of the election. But the authors also cited that there could be positive attitude change with Obama’s electoral victory. 3. General methodology Bernstein and associates (2010) conducted a research study on 40 undergraduates of psychology, performed on two sessions to represent the pre-election and post-election periods. It was therefore divided into Time 1 and Time 2, to design two attitudes for explicit and implicit. The first period was completed during the seven days before election. The participants were made to complete a test known as â€Å"Attitudes Towards Black† (Brigham, 1993 cited in Bernstein et al, 2010). The scale was marked on 1-7, and statements were addressed on perceptions of prejudice or equality towards Black people. Example: â€Å"Black and white people are created equal.† Following this, participants were also made to complete the â€Å"Implicit Association Task†, which is about evaluations on social categories. The participants were also evaluated using the â€Å"Implicit Racial Bias† test. 4. Basic results The results were analysed by determining the implicit prejudice, which was done by subtracting â€Å"the average response latency on compatible trials from the incompatible trials† (Bernstein et al. 2010). The IAT result stated that if there was a big different in the score, called the IAT effect, the participants had greater bias towards Whites as against Blacks. This was compared with the results after the election in which a t-test sample was obtained on the IAT result. It was found that the IAT effect was smaller after the election; meaning the IAT effect was reduced after Obama’s electoral victory. The stats revealed that the mean and standard deviation are M = 330.35, SD = 219.93, after the election, compared to M = 494.70, SD = 307.95, before the electio n. 5. Major conclusions One of the striking results of the study by Bernstein et al (2010) is that implicit associations changed while the explicit prejudice changed, after the election in which Obama had a commanding victory. President Obama’s victory changed the perceptions of the general population towards African Americans. President Obama’

Project Management Capstone - Schedule, Budget, and Controls Assignment

Project Management Capstone - Schedule, Budget, and Controls - Assignment Example A budget calendar is a form of plan that is used to enhance timely and comprehensive implementation of the numerous actions of the budget. Formulation of a schedule for the procedures and steps that will be followed in each phase of the process of developing the budget is planned for in the budget calendar (Spofford & Savov, 1999). In addition, the participants of budget development, as well as, their duties are defined in the budget calendar. The budget calendar also keeps the actions that are required by law on track (Spofford & Savov, 1999). It is in the budget calendar that decisions of goals based on the organization’s long term vision and company needs are made. Also, decision on the long term goals, based on revenue allocation and evaluation will be made using the budget calendar. Analysis and review of the budget, adoption of the budget, as well as execution of the budget are carried out through the budget calendar (Spofford & Savov, 1999). Secondly, a revenue forecasting model can be used as a tool for schedule and budget development. This will involve cost and investment estimations, applicable discount rate to account for risk and revenue forecasts, which should be made so as to determine the potential value of new products (McIntyre, 2013). Using the revenue forecasting model, the current market share can be obtained by ensuring that company’s customer base is multiplied by total penetration, multiplied by the share of penetration of the product, multiplied by the unit price of the product, multiplied by the number of units that will is sold per the year (McIntyre, 2013). Given that performance budgeting is the most ideal type budgeting and scheduling for this project, which focuses on actual or projected results, budget decisions will be shifted from inputs to outcomes. Analytic tools can also be used to develop both the schedule and the budget because such tools empower those

Marketing research -- MBA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Marketing research -- MBA - Essay Example The classifications of market research are evaluated in four ways, which are purposive market research, secondary and primary market research, qualitative and quantitative market research, business to business, and business to customers’ market research. The purposive market research contains three basic research designs, which are exploratory research, descriptive research, and causal research (Malhotra, 2010). According to its name, the descriptive research is to describe something, usually market characteristics or functions (Malhotra and Birks, 2007). Descriptive research is often preplanned and structured as the research questions are clearly defined. It is often used to describe the potential size of the market; building consumers’ profiles; measuring consumer perception towards a product or brand; to make specific future predictions, for example, the future sales level for the company (Quee, 1999). Compared to the exploratory research, descriptive research is cha racterized by the prior setting of specific hypotheses. Furthermore, the descriptive research can be further classified into cross-sectional research and longitudinal research (Malhotra and Birks, 2007). In the report, the the questions that will be examined are: what are the purposes of using descriptive market research; what are the advantages for the descriptive market research; what are the difficulties that may rise in using descriptive market research? It helps to understand the methodologies of market research as well as to critically analyze the effectiveness of descriptive market research. The purpose of marketing research is described as to â€Å"Gain a more detailed understanding of consumers’ needs; reduce the risk of product/business failure and forecast future trends†. (Tutor2u, 2010) The descriptive market research is primarily focused on the gathering of numeric,