Can False Memories be Implanted?

Could False Memories be Implanted? Ajantha Uvaraju Conceptual This investigation is to discover that is it feasible for memory to be embedded in understudies. It is speculated on the off chance that the memory developed for embedding is profoundly a conceivable occasion, at that point it is almost certain for making of bogus memory to happen. Thirty members of first year Monash University understudies are enlisted. Every one of them is went with an accomplice who is firmly identified with the subjects (ie: parent, kin or close relative who realized the subject excessively well). The accomplices are solicited to peruse portrayals from 2 occasions happened to subjects when they were 5 years of age and a bogus occasion. The one conceivable bogus occasion is portraying of the subject being lost in a shopping center while shopping delineated from Loftus and Pickrell (1995). While the other is a less conceivable memory is a short-term hospitalization for a high fever with conceivable ear disease made up by Hyman et al (1995). Subjects are part into h alf where one gathering gets the conceivable occasion while other the less conceivable. Subjects are approached to review everything that they could recall about each event.After that, they are additionally asked to the rate the certainty from size of 1 to 5 (1=not sure and 5= incredibly sure that it has occurred). Here member would recollect the more conceivable bogus memory contrasting and lesser one. As memory that is increasingly conceivable will in general have higher rating in certainty and in clearness. It is discovered that the more conceivable the occasion is bound to be planted in memory than the less conceivable occasion. Presentation Individuals liken of memory concerning an account gadget, capacity to precisely recording and putting away everything that occurs with flawless exactness and clearness. In actuality, memory is inclined to error. This is because of presence of bogus memory. Bartholomew, (2001) portrays bogus memory as a psychological encounter which erroneously taken for a portrayal of an occasion from one’s individual past It comprises of either recollecting things or occasions that never occurred, or recalling that them uniquely in contrast to the manner in which they really happened. Memory of bogus occasion has practice particularly by analyst. One of it is subdued memory recuperated from an observer by means of trance induction of an occasion that had happen 20 years prior is utilized to affirm against a convict of homicide. Regardless of this without spellbinding, considers show that people’s recollections are available to impact. For example, Loftus and Pickerel (1995) who directed exploration on grown-ups in regards to recollections of their youth occasion that occurred and requested that they recall these occasions with a bogus memory included into also. Investigations showed that recollections for completely bogus occasions can be embedded. It has been contended that there are cutoff points to the sorts of occasions or convictions that can be intriguingly embedded, and that solitary occasions that are conceivable can be embedded in memory ( Hyman, Gilstrap, Decker, Wilkinson, 1998 ; Hyman Kleinknecht, 1999 ; Lindsay Read, 1994 ; Pezdek, Finger, Hodge, 1997 ). On the side of this announcement, a report by Pezdek at. al (1997) shows effectively embedding a memory of being lost in members, however being not able to embed a memory for a less conceivable occasion (getting a rectal bowel purge). Albeit, not many past examination like Loftus was for sure a delineation of planting bogus occasion in subjects. All things considered there are downsides. The memory utilized in embedding here is basic along these lines interestingly embedding a memory like becoming mixed up in the shopping center have high possibility of succeeding. In this manner this investigation is to discover the job of occasion believability in memory planting by contrasting the sort of bogus memory embedded like high conceivable bogus occasion and unrealistic bogus occasion and its consequences for certainty rating among college understudies. It is estimated in the event that the memory built for embedding is exceptionally a conceivable occasion, at that point it is almost certain for formation of bogus memory to happen. Strategy As referenced the members of this investigation are understudies of first year from Monash University comprising of 15 females and 15 male understudies and age must be 18 years or more seasoned. Each subject is required to bring an accomplice who is: (1) close to multi year more youthful than subject, (2) was close family member or kin of the subject and (3) have been in contact with subject at age 5 to 6. The inspecting strategy utilized here is accommodation sampling.The techniques will be endorsed by the Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee Plan In this investigation the autonomous variable is kind of bogus occasion which isplausible and least conceivable event.Plausible occasion is subject being lost in shopping center and the least conceivable occasion is for the time being hospitalization because of fever with conceivable of ear disease. With respect to the reliant variable is certainty and lucidity rating. This analysis is structure in a test methodology and between-subjects analyze plan. Materials The needy variable is estimated as far as clearness and certainty where in lucidity rating is a scale from 1 to 10, with 1 as muddled to 10 being exceptionally clear and furthermore the pace of certainty from size of 1 to 5 (1=not sure and 5= amazingly sure that more could be recollect. System Study starts with the subjects’ accomplice recorded as a hard copy the participants’ cherished recollections in a booklet, and from that rundown of the beloved recollections two recollections are picked and along with the built one. Members are haphazardly and uniformly doled out into gatherings of two with each gathering has its unmistakable condition. In Group (1): Subjects are given two recollections of genuine occasion and one memory of bogus conceivable occasion, gathering (2): two recollections of genuine occasion and one memory less bogus conceivable occasion. The accomplices are told to peruse a concise portrayal of the picked dish given to them to individual subject which incorporate the name of occasion and period of subject when it occurred. In the wake of perusing the portrayal members will be solicited to review themselves from the occasion and to discuss what they can recollect space is additionally given in filling in their piece of the memory. Toward the finish of the meeting they are gotten some information about the occasion talk about and were later require another meeting in seven days time. Following seven days they were introduced rate their memory as far as certainty. They the rate the certainty from size of 1 to 5 (1=not sure and 5= amazingly sure that this occasion happened in their youth. At long last after complete rating they are to be advise on the examination objective and furthermore in regards to that the specific memory recommended are invented. The members do gets our expressions of remorse for our trickiness and are approached to figure which memory is valid and which is bogus. Results In this investigation result includes in number of subjects who recalled the more conceivable occasions versus less conceivable occasions and certainty rating given its highest significance. Information on subject recollecting genuine occasion is neglected. The information will be examinations accordingly: 1) including number of subjects accept conceivable occasions in each condition in bunch 1, bunch 2. Same goes for number of subjects who accepted the less conceivable occasion. 2) The sum are contrasted and one another. It is ordinarily that number of subjects recalling the conceivable occasions surpasses more than the less conceivable occasions. Subjects appraised their certainty rating on every occasion on the term that how positive they are of that the occasion occurred. With a size of 1 to 5 (1=not sure and 5= very certain that it has occurred). It very well may be gauge that the generally appraising score for conceivable occasion will be more than 1 contrast with the relative less conceivable occasion. Based from scores the mean for certainty rating will be determined for both occasion. On the off chance that the speculation is upheld the mean trust in conceivable occasion will be high and less for less conceivable occasion. Just as the middle will show the comparative example with a higher valu contrast and the less conceivable occasion. Conversation The motivation behind this examination is to test the speculation that the memory developed for embedding is profoundly a conceivable occasion then it is almost certain for formation of bogus memory to happen. It is anticipated from the finding that generally conceivable occasions are bound to be review than less conceivable occasions. As indicated by Pezdek, Blandon-Gitlin and et. al (2006) the explanation for this is a result of the noteworthy association of believability and creative mind is that if individuals see that occasion as conceivable, they will in general hunt a greater amount of their personal memory for significant subtleties of the occasion. Study gave by Pezdek, Finger and et. al (1997) shows the finding that moderately conceivable occasions are bound to be planted in memory than generally improbable occasions has suggestions for the intellectual procedures fundamental suggestibility. In their investigation three occasions were dishonestly reviewed and that every one of the three were generally conceivable occasion. This can be clarified through writing of content preparing on understanding intellectual procedure. In view of Grasser, 1981: Grasser and Nakamura, 1982), a particular memory follow is framed by the comprehender when a scripted action is experienced. This is on the grounds that memory follow comprises of pointers to an encapsulation content that has been duplicated from a changeless nonexclusive content. Subsequently the encapsulation content for the particular occasion incorporates all the content pertinent activity activated by the accomplished occasion just as content significant activities that were activated as a matter of course because of content based deductions that happened during appreciation. This implies when a portrayal of a particular event of a movement proposed to an individual and inquired as to whether it has happened to the individual, right away the individual will cross check the memory recommended with his or her’s own memory for related event of that action to confirm if a match is found. Whenever portrayed memory and memory of individual covers there is almost certain a match and the depict

Captian Veres reactions to Billy Budd in Billy Budd :: Vere Billy Budd Essays

Captian Vere's responses to Billy Budd in Billy Budd At the point when Captain Vere says â€Å"Struck dead by a blessed messenger of God! However the blessed messenger must hang!† his demeanor towards Billy Budd changes from one of fatherly concern and individual regard to one in which he has saved his own considerations and affections for his country. Each sentence speaks to this polarity by demonstrating his conclusion towards Billy. In the primary, Billy is â€Å"an holy messenger of God† who has â€Å"struck† Claggart dead, in an honest way. In the subsequent sentence, â€Å"the heavenly attendant must hang,† demonstrates that regardless of Billy’s expectations or nature, his demonstration is a wrongdoing against his nation. Vere, between Billy’s upheaval and his own partitioned shout, acts twistedly, however deliberately. He follows strategy for affirming Claggart’s condition, yet doesn't allude to the occasion as far as its mainstream suggestions. Rather, he considers it the â€Å"divine judgment on Ananias.† His conduct all through this entry, which stretches out for just about a page, is unglued and upset. He goes about as a â€Å"military disciplinarian† towards the upset Billy, requesting him to remain in his stateroom, however when the â€Å"prudent surgeon† goes into the room, he acts with scramble, intruding on his salute. However, when the confused specialist affirms Vere’s most exceedingly awful feelings of dread, he gets â€Å"motionless, standing ingested in thought.† He at that point convulsively analyzes Billy to the Angel of Death. Here, Vere is starting to perceive the results of this occasion, and the fundamental moves he should make as commander. Commander Vere comes back to his learned person, energetic nature, as he turns out to be again the man whose â€Å"settled feelings were as an embankment against those attacking waters of novel sentiment social, political, and otherwise.† Vere isn't one offered effectively to attacks of humiliation or good issue. He accepts unequivocally morally justified of his country and military, and teaches himself and his men in like manner. However, just because we know about, Vere gets conflicted between his dad like love for Billy and his child like love for his nation.

How to Avoid Tax Identity Theft and Other Tax-Related Scams - OppLoans

How to Avoid Tax Identity Theft and Other Tax-Related Scams - OppLoans How to Avoid Tax Identity Theft and Other Tax-Related Scams How to Avoid Tax Identity Theft and Other Tax-Related ScamsSince its Tax Identity Theft Awareness Week, we figured this would be the perfect time to help you recognize the signs of a tax-related fraud or scam.Tax season isn’t any fun, to begin with. Even if you’ve got a big, fat refund to look forward to, the process of getting your taxes actually submitted is a headache-and-a-half. But there’s one way that tax season can get much, much worse than you ever imagined. Well give you a hint: Did you know that this week, January 28th-February 1st, has been designated Tax Identity Theft Awareness Week?Tax-related fraud and identity theft generally involve scammers stealing your personal information and using it to commit tax crimes. Oftentimes, theyll file taxes under your name and then collect your refund. Theyll even make up fake numbers to get a bigger returnâ€"leaving you on the hook if the IRS comes knocking.If you’ve fallen victim to tax-related fraud, you should immediately notify the authorities. This includes the IRS, the Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration, and your local police department. And if you haven’t yet been taken in by such a scam, here are the types of fraud you should be on the lookout for and the signs you’ll need to recognize in order to avoid them. Some scammers pose as IRS agents.Attorney Josh Wu is a tax partner at the law firm Clark Hill, and he’s no stranger to tax scams. “Many of the schemes we have encountered involve the IRS impersonator directing the taxpayer to immediately satisfy their “tax liability,” or face criminal arrest, by purchasing pre-paid gift cards and providing the gift card number and PIN to the impersonator,” he said.According to him, taxpayers themselves aren’t the only ones who have to be on the lookout for IRS impersonators: “The scams also target tax professionals, who are encouraged to provide client information to IRS impersonators in order to receive IRS correspondence o r reactive their IRS e-services account.”Here are three ways that scammers posing as IRS agents will try to contact their intended marks:Email:  Cybercriminals will send taxpayers an email that looks like its from the IRS. These quite realistic-seeming emails can fake thousands of people each year into sharing their personal information. Email-based scams like this are also known phishing.Over the phone: Cybercriminals will also call a persons cell phone or landline and pose as IRS agents. They might demand your personal information or simply tell you that you can pay your debt off immediately, using fear and pressure tactics to create a false sense of urgency.Fake in-person visits:  Sometimes, these scammers will even go directly to a victims house, posing as IRS agents. These IRL IRS scams often target unsuspecting senior citizens.If someone gets contacted by the IRS, they’re naturally going to be a little nervous. Don’t let those feelings trick you into handing over your se nsitive information to someone who isâ€"after allâ€"a complete stranger!How to avoid the fake IRS.One of the best ways to tell that an IRS agent is actually a scammer in disguise is by the method they use to contact you. Simply put:  The IRS will never contact you by email, text message, or over social media. If the IRS wants to get in touch with you, they will send you a letter through the mail. Any other mode of communication should be treated with maximum suspicion.Another way to tell they’re fake is by the way they ask for payment. To steer clear of scammers, Wu advised that you “decline to make payments to the IRS via gift cards, virtual currency, or pre-paid debit cards.“Watch for any callers that threaten immediate arrest by law enforcement if payment is not made,” he added.As for agentsâ€"or “agents”â€"who show up in person, make sure you ask for identification. Furthermore, while IRS agents do  occasionally make house calls, they will always send you a letter b eforehand.For advice on how to strengthen your logins and passwords for your tax filing systemâ€"which will help prevent a thief from stealing your personal informationâ€"check out our recent post on identity theft. When it comes to phony emails, he said that you should forward them to phishing@irs.gov.Watch out for fraudulent tax preparers.Fake IRS agents aren’t the only scammers you have to be wary of. Some of the other common types of tax-related scams involve fraudulent tax filers and scam tax preparers who will steal your refund.Sometimes these scams involve a phishing scheme where a fraudster sends someone a phony email claiming to be from their tax preparer and asks for their personal information to help them update that persons account.But sometimes the scammers are tax preparers themselves! According to tax professional Jai Kumar with Rapid Filing Services (@RapidTax), the following signs should tip you off that a tax preparer is trying to take advantage of you:“Prepare rs who promise larger refunds without a consultation.“Preparers who plan on depositing your refund into their bank account or taking a portion of it.“Your preparer does not offer IRS e-file. If you pay a tax preparer, and they file more than ten returns, they must file your return electronically.“Preparers who do not ask for records and receipts if you are itemizing or reporting expenses.“A preparer who goes against the IRS and claims you can use your last pay stub instead of your income statement.“A paid preparer who does not sign your return and does not include their PTIN.”“Beware of a tax preparer who charges extensive fees and has suspicious availability times,” he added, saying that they must be available even after you file your return.How to vet your tax preparer.“Luckily, the IRS provides a page called the Authorized IRS E-file Providers which will let you find valid companies,” said Kumar. “You will need to enter the company’s zip code, state,  and Provider Type. This will list authorized e-file companies and their locations.”He also provided the following list of qualifications that you should verify if you’re going to be using a CPA, EA, or any tax professional:“Proper Training: Tax preparers need this to grasp an understanding of intricate tax questions and circumstances.“Continuing Education: Your tax preparer is informed about ongoing tax debates and official tax laws such as federal tax codes, regulations, and state and local taxes because they are constantly being subject to change.“Professional License: Your enrolled tax agent, public accountant, or attorney has a valid license, PTIN, or certificate to prepare tax returns.”Any legitimate tax professional should be able to easily provide you with their credentials. If you start getting a whole bunch of excuses, you know you’re getting taken for a ride.Keep your money safe!On this blog, we write a lot about how people can protect their financial wellbeing. More often than not, this means advising people on how they can budget better, build their savings, and avoid predatory bad credit loans and no credit check loans (like payday loans and cash advances).But more and more, protecting your money means protecting your sensitive personal informationespecially when its online. All it takes is one fraudster cracking into your accounts or stealing your identity to endanger your financial future for years to come. To learn more about how you can protect yourself from fraud and identity theft, check out  these related posts and articles from OppLoans:10 Common Scams: How They Work and How to Avoid ThemShould You Freeze Your Credit?Dating App Dangers: 7 Tips to Avoid Getting Scammed by a Fake RomanceBeware These Scams That Target SeniorsHave you ever encountered a tax-related scam?  Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.Visit OppLoans on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIN  |  InstagramContributorsJai Kumar is  Mar keting Manager at  Rapid Filing Services (@RapidTax), an online tax preparation company. They file current and prior year tax returns for thousands of people every year while providing them with free high-quality customer  service.Josh Wu is a partner in the tax group at  Clark Hill, a national law firm with more than 650 attorneys with 25 offices in 12 states, the District of Columbia, Ireland, and Mexico. He advises businesses and high-net-worth individuals on all aspects of federal tax law. He has particular experience with complex IRS audits, administrative appeals, civil tax litigation, offshore trusts and assets, and multijurisdictional investigations.

Taking a Gap Year - 1233 Words

A life without bills, kids, a significant other, or any worries sounds too good to be true. It may be hard to realize with the stress of college and future plans, but seniors graduating high school have the advantage to live this life if they want. High school seniors have many decsions to make before they graduate. They have to decide if they are going to college, what college they are going to, what career they may want to pursue, how to pay for everything ahead of them, and many more. Sometimes this will get too overwhelming for them and cause them to not want to go to college right away. They plan on going to college after a year on their own trying â€Å"experience life† before starting college. People call this taking a â€Å"gap year†. Taking a gap year is a personal decision that takes commitment. People take gap years for many reasons, but they will regret their decision because gap years usually turn out bad or not the way the students want them to. Vacations, meeting new people, getting a job, saving money, and moving out from a parent’s house seems like a fantasy and something that everybody would love to experience. This is what students will do or plan to do in a gap year. A gap year helps students find out who they are and learn about the world around them. Many students have found out it is not as great as they thought it would be. The executive director of Dynamy Internship Year disagrees and says While there is significant peer pressure, parental pressure andShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Speech : Benefits Of Taking A Gap Year868 Words   |  4 PagesAlondra Aviles Gallegos Persuasive Speech Gap Year Introduction I. Attention Getter A. Do you ever think about all the years you have spent in school, and about the years waiting for you to graduate? B. It can be pretty frustrating for those people who are struggling with grades, or for those whose careers take FOREVER to complete. II. Establish Credibility A. After doing extensive research, I found an interesting, fun, and adventurous way to get rid of all the stress caused by school. III. RelateRead MoreA Student Taking a Gap Year is Conceivable Essay1670 Words   |  7 PagesThe Gap year, taking a year off from college to work, travel or volunteer, has been growing in popularity in recent years in the US. This practice began in Britain in the 1960’s, and has spread to other parts of the world. Deciding to take Gap year after graduating high school, during or after college is a realistic alternative for students who are unsure of their true aspirations for the future. Having this time is a worthwhile and sometimes life-changing alternative, when the student feels boredRead MoreTaking A Gap Year Between High School And College2632 Words   |  11 PagesCollege Can Wait Taking a gap year between high school and college is becoming a rapidly developing trend amongst students in the United Kingdom and United States over the last decade. 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Students who do not attend college directly out of high school will struggle to learn the collegeRead MorePositive Thing About Taking a Gap Year Between High School and College743 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Gap year† is a common word for a lot of college students because taking a one-year break between high school and college is a good choice for the high school graduates. More and more high school graduates want to take a one-year break before they go to the college. In fact, some people agree that taking a one-year break is good for those students who just graduated from high school because they can learn different life skills and new things between college and high school. Other people think thatRead MorePros and Cons of Taking a Year Off Before College Essay example1109 Words   |  5 PagesIt’s your senior year of high school. It is time f or you to decide what you want to do after you graduate. You have a few possible things that you could do. You could start applying for colleges, get accepted to one, and then go to college right out of high school; or you could do the same thing, but take a year off. This brings up the argument of whether or not a student should take off a gap year before they begin college. There are both, pros and cons to taking a gap year prior to starting collegeRead MoreThe Role Of Gap Years Essay1220 Words   |  5 PagesThe role of gap years to earn a higher education is a controversial idea. Many people feel it is important to take on Europe s natural participation in the gap year after high school. For countless years, Europeans have practiced gap years before college to help a graduate grow. Prince William of Europe took his beneficial gap year, helping the idea to spread to America (Kelly para. 1) British influences have been leading America to a stronger future, and taking a gap y ear after high schoolRead MoreGac Compare and Contrast Essay1445 Words   |  6 Pages 15th April 2013 Word Count: 1041 Question: Compare and Contrast attitudes toward students taking a gap year in your country and in U.K. Use specific examples and provide appropriate evidence to explain your answer. To take a gap year or not to take a gap year? Now, this question has gained more attention than it used to be. A gap year is a period of time in which students disengage from curricular education and undertake activities such as traveling, volunteeringRead MoreThe Gap Year Break Between High School And College1724 Words   |  7 PagesPaper Due: Tuesday, October 14, 2014 Word Count: 1707 The Gap Year Taking a gap year break between high school and college can be beneficial, productive, and exciting and even fun! A gap year can often help students discover talents they were unaware they had, develop new skills and give them time to gain a positive direction in life that can possibly better shape their career direction. Would you like to spend that first year after high school back-packing through Europe, working asRead MoreThe Gap Year1052 Words   |  5 PagesThe Gap Year As a senior in high school did you ever stress about your future? Making plans for college? A way to relieve stress could be to take a gap year. The life of the average senior consist of planning for college, by taking a year off you can manage and make money, relieve some stress and it gives you the opportunity to travel before settling down before college. This is not uncommon to a lot of senior graduates. They see it as a way to relax and mentally prepare themselves for the future

Facts About Uranus

The And Cross Border E Commerce Website - 952 Words

2. Implication of 2 new regulation The online net of daigou can allow individuals entry this market with very low barriers, even with low capital, scant professional knowledge and crude advertising, they can meet a very wide range of consumers through C2C e-commerce website, such as Taobao.com, which is absolutely free to start a business. Inspired by this method, the cross-border e-commerce websites try to scale and legalize this market, they list the products on websites which them buy from around the world, and offer them at the optimal price (Xiao, 2016a). So consumers can buy from foreign retailers and suppliers directly. Daigou and cross-border e-commerce website are the typical online gray markets in luxury market in China. Price gaps is one of the main causes of the rising of online gray markets in China. For example, in 2011, the Coach Madison Sophia Satchel handbag was sold as $298 in US, after adding an import duty rate of 10% and a value-added tax rate of 17%, the price become to $383.5 after exporting to China. However, its official Chinese price was $603 (3800CNY) (Zhao et al., 2016). The figure below show the pricing differ of bag between Pairs, New York and Beijing (China). Figure 1: Pricing differ of bag between Pairs, New York and Beijing (Chow and Masidlover, 2015) This massive price gap becomes the key motivation of consumers in China purchasing these products and it also creates a very considerable profit for the online gray marketers whoShow MoreRelatedE Markets And E Commerce Activities800 Words   |  4 Pages Another phenomenon, was regarding the emergence of e-markets. E-markets surfaced to facilitate online commerce activities. Producers and many companies, which act as third party, realized that internet could be used to not only augment sales, through advertisements, but also to directly sell products. E-markets and E-commerce As discussed earlier, the concept of e-market and e-commerce is directly related with internet. The modern technology has not only provided platform where companies can directlyRead MoreThe European Union ( Eu )1684 Words   |  7 Pagesdynamic business region. The first major issue hurting business is the current e-commerce environment in the EU. The current digital E-commerce environment in the EU is riddled with barriers to doing business. The single market of the EU can hardly be seen in the digital environment, where businesses face a number of barriers, and are inhibited from accessing the millions of customers outside of their respective country’s border. Current online business is very much dictated by national digital serviceRead MoreMarketing Analysis : International Supply Chain Operations1146 Words   |  5 Pagescontinues to shrink the physical one, fulfilling customer’s expectations is logistically more challenging. It is widely believed that the logistics of shipping and transportation of products purchased through E-commerce channels is a major barrier for businesses wishing to acquire online sales across borders. According to a survey conducted by Ecommerce Europe, 44% of company respondents felt that logisti cs and distribution was a difficult barrier to overcome. Additionally 15% of companies that only sellRead MoreE Commerce1203 Words   |  5 PagesElectronic commerce, commonly known as e-commerce, is a type of industry where buying and selling of product or service is conducted over electronic systems such as the Internet and other computer networks. Electronic commerce draws on technologies such as mobile commerce, electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems. Modern electronic commerceRead MoreDiscuss the Global Impact of E-Commerce on Society. Essay1207 Words   |  5 PagesP 2.2 Discuss the global impact of e-Commerce on society. Ans Positive effects of e-commerce on society * Convenience * Helpful for disables and aged people * Time saving * Information availability * Helpful for new business * Jobs for society * 24 hour service * Available niche products * Disintermediation * Environment friendly Negative effects of e-commerce on society * Unemployment * Increase in crime * HealthRead MoreInternational Barriers to E-commerce Essay734 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿ International Barriers to E-commerce Aravind Alluri Abstract In the recent years, the internet has been known for an impressive evolution, having a major impact on all aspects of life esp., e-commerce (EC). This paper mainly explains the EC and also identifies the various international barriers to e-commerce and they can be evaluated for EC success. Introduction E-commerce is a combination of three different areas of study, namely technology, business and law/policy. 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Data show that there is approximately $xxx billion trade occurring through e-commerce, with xxx billion internet users and xx billion domain names as of 20142 and this number keeps changing every second. This paper takes a look at the current tax issues relating to e-commerce and profit shifting and also the new OECD framework aimed at addressing these challenges. Tax Issues Governments and tax authorities face the same problemsRead MoreIt Role in International Business1455 Words   |  6 Pagesresource planning 2) Improve customer satisfaction and loyalty = customer relationship management, loyalty programs 3) Create competitive advantage = business intelligence/data warehousing 4) Generate growth = sales management systems 5) Global expansion = e-business. Impact on internal business operations †¢ Accounting - provides quantitative information about the finances of the business including recording, measuring, and describing financial information. †¢ Finance - deals with the strategic financialRead MoreAre Our Borders As Secure As The American People Believe They Are?958 Words   |  4 PagesAre our Borders as Secure as the American people believe they are? I am going to talk about our borders, all of our borders not just the southern border between the United States and Mexico. When anyone talks about or mentions our borders the majority of the public automatically think of our southern border or the Mexico border only. Our northern Border is the longest common border in the world. It joins two nations that enjoy one of the world’s strongest relationships. So to keep the northern border

Outcome of the Cold War free essay sample

Did America Win the Cold War? Coming to the end of World War Two, both the United States and the Soviet Union were left two very powerful countries with exceptionally different views on how things should be run. America ran the country with a â€Å"survival of the fittest† type of outlook, while the soviets lived by â€Å"everybody helps everybody†. Both the countries were determined in becoming the â€Å"super power† of the world in regards to their economic systems, political policies, and especially military strength. The strength of the American nation progressed throughout the cold war simply because of the USSR’s choice of where and how to spend money and organize their country. In the end, the dissolution of the USSR did not lead to entire victory for the Americans, although their political system remained in tact, the strength of the military advanced, and the economic system saw a large amount of growth. During the cold war and post cold war eras, both the type of free election the government ran and the international spread of democracy allowed the United States to show the strength they showed through their political system. The democratic system as opposed to the Soviet’s autocratic system allowed a free vote to citizens of America. This means there is a choice in who works for congress and it allows room for change, proved in a recent report regarding the American political policies; Thus, Type 1 sham elections, which provide virtually no information, make no difference, while Type 4 free and fair elections, which provide accurate but largely unsurprising information, are also statistically inconclusive once we correct for endogeneity. Robertson, 2009) Endogeneity is the ability in a congress to provide variables for change, often to please the majority of society. These free elections have proven to make a majority happy, and allow room for change in law. The wide spread of democracy was essential in progressing through the cold war. The US used propaganda to influence countries globally. The end of the Cold War, indeed, signified a triumph of the Western style democracy and market economy over the Soviet version of communism. (Mullerson, 2007) The Americans were successful in spreading heir ways and used their freedom in media to prove their thoughts on a democratic system. The influence throughout the globe came with the perks of free elections, and attaining rights, but the United States did prove that their political system was indeed in tact. Prior to the Cold War the American military was at its all time peek in strength and numbers, but to manifest their power throughout the Cold War they showed their strategy and brains by enforcing international military policies as well as proving their unmatched potential. The Cold War lasted approximately from 1947-1991. Being a long and dreadful arms race; many international policies were enacted to enforce the importance of national security of all citizens throughout America. They made sure no military force would be used unless absolutely necessary. A book written on Cold war policies stated, â€Å"The nation had not yet identified clearly threats and opportunities that it viewed as extensions of the vital interest in national survival in the post-Cold War world. (Sloan, pg. 1) Survival was in main importance to each president in office during this era to re-coop troops following WWII, therefore, they waited back as the Soviets spent all their money and effort into building their military. Although the United States took a more hands- off approach they proved they had enormous potential through using strategic methods such as threats, and planning out all possible scenarios in case of an outbreak of war. The United States has required that a numb er of conditions be met including NATO (not United Nations) command of any enforcement operations, clear political and military strategies, including an exit strategy, plans for financing the operation and support from the Congress for the commitment. † (Sloan, pg. 9) This quote refers to the position American Congress stood in regarding any military force. They had multiple organized plans to ensure national survival, while threats were sent back and forth from the USSR to the United States. The cold war did not in any means showcase the strength of the US military, but it proved the intelligent ideas Congress was able to create as well as prove they were ready for whatever came their way. The Cold War largely exhibited the capitalist structure of the United States. It was able to display the strength America’s economy held at this time using their strong capitalist beliefs, as well as the foreign policies pushing America through the Cold War. Capitalism includes hierarchy; which in The United States has, for the most part, proved to work. It has allowed them to obtain an organized system, and the Cold War demonstrated the strong capitalist pride they needed to do so. The liberals point to the considerably more efficient capitalist system; which was able to generate the vast amounts of wealth necessary to sustain the investment in weaponry, technology and international operations that the USSR was unable to match. Sykes, 2010) The capitalist system may not come off as fair as communism, but through the Cold War, American’s proved it is the way to get things done and be able to live a comfortable life, by working with the organized system. The United States had a strong economic system from post WWII through the Cold War era. It assisted them and left the world doubting their failure against the USSR. But when the disparity in economic strength was utilized by the US foreign policy it enabled the US to have a clear advantage over its enemy; and this is what happened during the Reagan administration, when the US was able to negotiate from a position of strength in order to force an increasingly desperate Russia into agreeing to US demands. (Sykes, 2010) The foreign policies to spread capitalism as well as the strong economic base allowed America to push through and push Russia into demands. The Cold War era revealed the power of the United States economy during that period pushing American to be the sole super power. The Cold War demonstrated the true determination The United States obtained through out the building of their country. Although there was not an entire victor of the cold war, the power validated through the political policies, the military, and the economic system, proved they advanced as a nation. The country of The United States proved their intelligence throughout The Cold War, using new tactics, enforcing policies, and organizing their system, and made strides as a global super power.

The Omega Man free essay sample

The Omega Man is a film that appeals to the social conscience of its viewer. Charlton Heston plays Army Colonel Robert Neville, a scientist, living in post-World War III Los Angeles. Neville finds himself the last man on earth after taking a experimental vaccine for the disease that wiped out humanity a few years before. Those who are left are infected and have bound together as â€Å"The Family†, inspired by the real life events of Charles Manson and his ‘Family’. Members of this group who are living with the effects of the biological warfare, believe that the problems of humanity were caused by the sciences they developed not the socio-political mistakes that caused this world war between China and the Soviet Union. They view Neville as a symbol of that time, a â€Å"refuse of the past† and want him â€Å"discarded† (Matthias – film). As Neville constantly fights for his survival he find he is not the last man on earth. We will write a custom essay sample on The Omega Man or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He comes across a black woman named Lisa, played by Rosalind Cash, and finds that there are a handful of children and a young medical student, who while infected, have not yet turned like the albino disillusioned â€Å"Family† members; they still look human. He uses his blood to try and save those that are left and falling in love in the process. While both the book and film main focus is on post war apocalyptic America, a subplot of the film is its racial undertones. Matthias: One creature, caught. Caught in a place he cannot stir from in the dark, alone, outnumbered hundreds to one, nothing to live for but his memories, nothing to live with but his gadgets, his cars, his guns, gimmicks and yet the whole family cant bring him down from that, that Zachary: Honky paradise, brother? Matthias: Forget the old ways, brother, all the old hatreds. (film) With â€Å"I am Legend† being influenced by its era of McCarthyism and Matheson’s involvement as a soldier in World War II, â€Å"The Omega Man† shows its influence of the early 1970’s. The film released in 1971 was coming off the high created by ‘vietnamization’, the death of civil rights leader Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and the Black Panther Movement. Ironically Charlton Heston marched with Dr. King during a time when many in Hollywood ignored the political issues and hid behind the celluloid. Heston spoke avidly against racism of all people and not just minorities as well used his influence to further the involvement of black actors in Hollywood. Heston demanded that his female lead, Lisa, be played by stage actress Rosalind Cash after seeing her first silver screen role in â€Å"Klute† (IMDB). The role of Lisa, the re-imagined Ruth from the book, reflects the more ‘militant’ role many black characters portrayed in the films of that day. Although Lisa can be superficially categorized as a blaxploitation type, her character can also â€Å"tap into women empowerment† and not just the civil rights movement (Midnight). The relationship that they portrayed in the movie raised a few eyebrows during a time when Heston was known as Moses and Cash was just a beautiful black woman. Lisa: [drawing blood from Neville for a vaccine] Will one bottle be enough? Neville: Its genuine 160-proof old Anglo-Saxon baby. film) There is a scene where Lisa asks Neville what he is thinking. Neville responds with, â€Å"Well you know the old song, If you were the only girl in the world and I were the only boy, okay, but until then dont bother me? I guess Im the only boy. Neville admits with that statement if this apocalypse had not have happened they would not be in this situat ion. This seemed like a silent acknowledgement of the fact that at that time in 1971, race relations had come a long way, creating a generation gap of sorts, but not long enough to fully accept interracial coupling. To this day you see very little black/white interracial or any combination of interracial relationships in Hollywood. After that rather cheesy attempt seduction in the film, it is obvious that Heston and Cash’s characters progressed into a sexual relationship. Heston claims it is the first on the silver screen, which is debatable considering the movie â€Å"Guess Who’s Coming To Dinner†, but it showed a nude Rosalind Cash standing at window in broad daylight. I am sure that was the first look at not only a naked woman but a statuesque black woman for many men of that time. Though Matheson has stated he didn’t like â€Å"The Omega Man†, it is now a cult classic in the science fiction genre. Matheson has also stated that this is book is simply meant to be a book about a lone man surviving in a world full of vampires, inspired by his first viewing of â€Å"Dracula† as a child. Matheson cannot deny how his 1954 novel can spawn a film such as â€Å"The Omega Man† and be interpreted as a body of work that is â€Å"coded implication or overt symbolism, the association of the implosion of racial boundaries with dystopian and apocalyptic visions of the future.

Impact of External Environment on Businesses Essays

Impact of External Environment on Businesses Essays Impact of External Environment on Businesses Paper Impact of External Environment on Businesses Paper These are the external factors which consist of: Opponents or competitors The changing economic structure Impact of the society Financial arrangement Legal or political system The impact of the environment Opponents procedures influence the capability of work in earning profits, as the basic aim of the opponent is to get advantage over the other which is obtained by either diversifying the existing products and services or by finding means to offer better options for the same worth of money. There are three stages of opposition existing in the present world organizations which can be either having a straight competition when the associations are challenging for the similar customers with the analogous products for example grocery or bakery items. Or when there is a rivalry existing between goods that can be replaced with one another for example butter for margarine. Similarly when consumers purchasing power is the main attraction for the producers it results in competition between organizations for example the entertainment sector. The allocation of the scarce resources is handled by the organization comprising the economic system. Economy is part of a nation which is expected to under go phases Of progress by leaps and bounds. When the economy is in a flourishing stage lifting the standards of living resulting in the growth of the business. On the there hand the society is a foundation of inspirations, outlook and activities which are a part of the human affairs. However the business is subjective to change by the actions of customer because of their approach and activities which alter depending on various factors such as maturity level, populace, type of vocation, and spare time activities. Alternatively fiscal classification smoothes the progress of trade alternates. Activities dealing with money basically move around producing, having a loan, expenses and banking. For the lubrication of the wheels of commerce, capital is considered to be the main oil. Monetary doings engross production in a network of contacts linking fiscal bodies which consists of banks, people or companies who grant loans or to whom money is given as advance, clients and contractors. A main factor affecting the business is the interest rate because it is directly proportional with the cost of the company. The elevated the rate, more will be the expenditure to act as a stop on payments in the economy. The rules and regulations created by the legal system provide the framework on which the organization runs. Administration policy of any nation shores up by rooming activities like ventures while puts off others which result in polluting the natural environment. In contrast the environment is made up of all the natures gifts bestowed upon us ranging from land to water and to air which has any sort of life in it. Progressively more productions have turned out to be alert of the affiliation between their cost-effective movements that is composing produces and providing assistance for earnings making sure the environment is not at stake at any cost. If there is anything that is stead fast and unchanging it is change itself. Change is inevitable, and those organizations who do not keep up with change will become unstable, with long-term survivability in question. There are things, events, or situations that occur that affect the way a business operates, either in a positive or negative way. These things, situations, or events that occur that affect a business in either a positive or negative way are called driving forces or environmental factors. There are two kinds Of driving forces; Internal driving forces, and external driving forces. Internal driving forces are those kinds of things, situations, or vents that occur inside the business, and are generally under the control of the company. Examples might be as follows ; organization of machinery and equipment, ; technological capacity, ; organizational culture, ; management systems, ; financial management ; employee morale. External driving forces are those kinds of things, situation, or events that occur outside of the company and are by and large beyond the control of the company. Examples of external driving forces might be, the industry itself, the economy, demographics, competition, political interference, etc. Whether they are internal or external driving forces, one thing is certain for both. Change will occur! A company must be cognizant of these changes, flexible, and willing to respond to them in an appropriate way. External driving forces can bury a business if not appropriately dealt with. The question is, how does a business know what changes are occurring so that they can deal with them in a positive way. K, thats the next issue. In order for a business to succeed and gain the competitive edge, the business must know what changes are indeed occurring, and what changes might be coming up in the future. Uses you might call this forecasting. Thus, critical to the business is what we callinformational resources. It is the collection and analyzing of data. Some examples of critical information might include the following: Competition (what are they doing? Customer behavior (needs, wants, and desires) Industry out look (local, national, global) Demographics (the change populations, there density, etc. ) Economy (are we peaking, or moving negatively) Political movements and/or interference Social environment Technological changes General environmental changes The above are just some issues organizations must be on top of. Well its never easy, but businesses that are successful include all of the above (and more), to develop the appropriate tactics, strategies, and best practices, to ensure successful out comes. External environment factors PESTLE analysis stands for Political, Economic, Social, and Technological, Environmental and Legal analysis. It is a part of the external analysis when conducting a strategic analysis or doing market research and gives a certain overview of the different nongovernmental factors that the company has o take into consideration. Political factors, or how and to what degree a government intervenes in the economy. Specifically, political factors include areas such as tax policy, labor law, environmental law, trade restrictions, tariffs, and political stability. Political factors may also include goods and services which the government wants to provide or be provided (merit goods) and those that the government does not want to be provided (demerit goods or merit bad). Furthermore, governments have great influence on the health, education, and infrastructure of a nation. Economic factors include economic growth, interest rates, exchange rates and the inflation rate. These factors have major impacts on how businesses operate and make decisions. For example, interest rates affect a firms cost of capital and therefore to what extent a business grows and expands. Exchange rates affect the costs of exporting goods and the supply and price of imported goods in an economy Social factors include the cultural aspects and include health consciousness, population growth rate, age distribution, career attitudes and emphasis on safety. Trends in social factors affect the demand for a companys products and how that company operates. For example, an ageing population may imply a smaller and less-willing workforce (thus increasing the cost of labor). Furthermore, companies may change various management strategies to adapt to these social trends (such as recruiting older workers). Technological factors include ecological and environmental aspects, such as activity, automation, technology incentives and the rate of technological change. They can determine barriers to entry, minimum efficient production level and influence outsourcing decisions. Furthermore, genealogical shifts can affect costs, quality, and lead to innovation. Environmental factors include weather, climate, and climate change, which may especially affect industries such as tourism, farming, and insurance. Furthermore, growing awareness to climate change is affecting how companies operate and the products they offerit is both creating new markets and diminishing or destroying existing ones. Legal factors include discrimination law, consumer law, antitrust law, employment law, and health and safety law. These factors can affect how a company operates, its costs, and the demand for its products.

The Theme of Sexuality in Their Eyes Were Watching God Research Paper

The Theme of Sexuality in Their Eyes Were Watching God - Research Paper Example novel, and Hurston describes it in the context of slavery to show that it was a regular and repeated aspect of the black woman’s experience in slavery, and occurred in the early formative age of adulthood in the place of a woman’s education. The relation of racist authority to rape in the narrative is that Janie’s father and grandfather are both portrayed as white, and the educational system is equated in lineage with the system of slave ownership. This is a fundamental social and political critique that is introduced through the common dialect of the Southern woman and related through her personal sexual experience. The historical base is expressed by Zora Neale Hurston through sexual relationships, and this interracial sexuality is paradoxical, integral, and structural in her writing throughout the novel. In this context of repression, Hurston presents only a brief glimpse of the hope for genuine love in youth, which is quickly replaced with a black folk tradition that is portrayed as repressive to womanhood in a manner equally to be resisted and run away from as slavery. The repression of family tradition is portrayed through forced marriage, which implied another type of rape and forced servitude of the woman. Janie’s compromise is to arrange a marriage on her own terms that supports her own self materially on her own terms, even if she has to leave everything she knows to do so. Thus she provides for her needs while giving herself a limited economic role in the society at large through her husband’s business. When this ends early through the death of Joe Starks, Janie has the ability to choose any man in her society from a position of independent stature. Rather than the professor or tycoon, Hurston presents Tea Cake as a model of the black male with whom Janie most identifies. Their love also accelerates into death, but in this instance it is from the increased slow burn of passions, rather than their extinguishment. In the end, the gossip of black

The objectives of any international organization are identical to the Essay

The objectives of any international organization are identical to the objectives of that organizations strongest member Discuss - Essay Example In this backdrop, the objectives of global / international organizations should be in tune with both the ideology and requirements of majority of the member nations to see that the results of their programs and policies would benefit majority nations. Simply speaking, international organizations should strive to fulfill the aspirations of majority of the world population. But, as in most of the democratic countries, most of the international organizations too have been conspicuously playing to the tunes of their richest and strongest member nations downgrading their very global objectives. But it may be wrong to say that the 'objectives of any international organization are identical to those of its strongest members'. It can be true with most of the organizations but certainly you may find some exceptions. Each and every international organization is formed with certain highest global objectives. For that matter, no international organization's objectives can be localized or regionalized as the very purpose is global and international. The United Nations Organization (UNO) tops the list of international organizations and its objectives are crystal clear. When the UNO was formed in 1945 after the disastrous World War II, its objectives were boldly declared. The very first point in the Preamble of the UN charter talks about its determination to save succeeding generations from the repetitions of war (Internet, Charter of the United Nations). The UN's other objectives included respecting the equal rights of men and women all over the world, treating all big and small nations with equal respect and creating suitable conditions under which all nations abide by the international treaties and principles of international law and justice. According to the charter, these objectives should be ac hieved by establishing good neighborly relations among nations, solving problems through peaceful means, and not resorting to armed force except for in the common interests. These objectives, call them UN charter or law, are no doubt very sacred in letter but they have lost their much talked about sanctity in spirit and practice. Over a period of time, the UN has lost its independence due to the arm-twisting tactics of its strongest members. In fact, the very purpose of the launching of the UN was severely defeated with the formation of the Security Council in which certain member nations were endowed with veto powers. The UNO should function in the most democratic manner and go by the majority decisions of the General Assembly but this veto power through which a few countries could reject the majority decisions or impose their will on majority nations has seriously denied the UN its due role in achieving its objectives. The launching of the UN formed part of the beginning of the era of international law and justice but due to the bullying nature of some of its bigwig members, the implementation of international law too has run into rough weather. It is an acknowledged fact that the USA, the richest country of the world, is the strongest member of the UN (Thakur, 2006, p. 53). Over a period of time, the US forced the UN to act as per its whims and fancies turning the prestigious international organization into a puppet. The UN, supposed to be the instrument for the global peace, became

Evil being Dr Jekylls alter ego Mr Hyde Essay Example for Free

Evil being Dr Jekylls alter ego Mr Hyde Essay In each of us, two natures are at war- the good and the evil. All our lives the fight goes on between them one must conquer. But in our own hands lies the power to choose- What we want most to be we are (Robert Louis Stevenson. Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde 1885) Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Born in 1850 into a middle class family in Edinburgh, Robert Louis Stevensons Father expected his son to follow in the family tradition and become an engineer. Stevenson, however had other ideas. He was fascinated by literature, but to please his family he studied law, yet he never practised as a lawyer fulfilling his ambition to become a writer. Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde was a product of Robert Louis Stevenson life. Stevensons childhood was blighted by illness and as a result he spent much of his time at home under the care of his much loved nurse Alison Cunningham who told him stories of ghosts, body snatchers and heaven and hell. Stevenson as a result became fascinated by the idea of good and evil in every person. Stevensons ill health continued for most of his life and as a result he took laudanum and morphine as well as cocaine for chest problems and depression, other factors which may well have affected his life style and his writing. The Stevensons family home was in Edinburgh, but as he grew he travelled more and further, London, Bournemouth, France and the continent. Stevensons choice of London as the setting for Jekyll and Hyde was the result of the extreme social divide he witnessed there, the wealth and poverty been vividly displayed. The wealthy affluent London being safe like the character of Dr Jekyll whilst areas of social deprivation were constantly under treat of crime evil and disease, evil being Dr Jekylls alter ego Mr Hyde This essay will discuss how the Victorians viewed their rapidly expanding cities. It will also explore how Stephenson uses contrasting scenes and weather descriptions to portray good and evil. As a result of the industrial revolution Victorian Britain saw a massive movement of people from the countryside to major cities. Hugh numbers of houses were built to accommodate these people, but towns quickly became over crowded and unhealthy places. Filthy conditions and the spread of disease was rive amongst the poor and working classes. There was high unemployment and no suffrage for the poor, as a result the middle classes felt a revolution was imminent and felt fearful. Robert Louis Stevenson illustrates a divided city in Mr Utterson and Mr Enfields Sunday walk through the streets of London. They travel through a small quite street, it is described using metaphors like a fire in the forest indicating this street is well kept, a sharp contrast to others in the area, the shutters are described as freshly painted, the brasses well-polished and generally clean. This indicates that the inhabitants here are doing well. And yet at the corner of the same street stands a two story building. The building has only a door on the lower storey, the lack of windows indicating this building has something to hide. It is described as baring the features and marks of prolonged neglect. Stevenson uses the words sinister and sordid to describe this building. The fact that a building of such neglect stands on the same street as the affluent properties gives the reader the sense that everything is not going to be as it first appears in this novel. Stevenson uses this description of a affluence street with the uncharacteristic building an unlikely feature of this street, to prepare the reader for the dual character of Dr Jeklyl on the surface a good respectable person, who is able to turn into a alter ego the evil cruel Mr Hyde. Weather descriptions are used by Stevenson in The Carew Murder Case to depict the depraved nature of Mr Hydes character. The maid in the opening paragraph witnesses the murder of Carew. Stevenson uses graphic detail in his description of the weather on this night to create the atmosphere and set the scene. The association between lightness and goodness is clear; the night is described as been cloudless and lit by a full moon. The moon light on Carews face allows the maid to see his face, which she describes as pleasing to watch, a face breathing innocence and old world kindness. His beauty and innocence giving the impression of goodness. This description of Carew makes his fate all the more shocking and sets the scene for the dramatic moment when the maid witnesses the violent murder of Carew by Mr Hyde. Hyde is described by the maid as the complete opposite to Carew, a man she had previously conceived to dislike having an animalistic appearance. Stevenson continues to use weather descriptions to create a sense of foreboding as Mr Utterson travels through the streets of London to the home of Mr Hyde. Though it is nine in the morning the weather is described as foggy like a great chocolate coloured pall lowered over heaven and dark like the back end of morning, the use of fog and darkness implies a veil to hide and conceal evil. He continues saying that the fog is broken up yet for a moment giving a haggard shaft of day light this being only a brief relieve from the mournful reinvasion of darkness, reinforcing the idea of evil doings and the sorrow associated with this. By using weather descriptions in this way the city of London clearly becomes a dramatic backdrop for Hydes crimes. Victorian society was stricictly religious and therefore encouraged people to hide their sins and repress their desires. In this novel Stevenson offered Victorian society not only a psychological horror but a recognision that there is evil inside all of us, not perhaps to the extremes of Jekyll and Hyde but there is a side we hide, a suggestion that we all have a dual personality! Stevenson uses symbolism to create powerful images, for example doors are tradionally powerful and mysterious symbols they represent public and private spheres, things hidden and reveales. Stevenson refers to doors five times in the opening chapter of this novel. What is also relevant is that the Victorians had a front door /back door rule: the front door represented repectability so only those considered important and of high social status entered though the front door. The back door was used for those considered socially inferior, like servants. Stevenson uses this rule to emphasise Hydess social inferiority as he is not admitted through the front door of Jekylls home. What is significant here is that although the reader knows Jekyll and Hydeare one and the same, when Jekyll becomes the depraved Hyde he is evil and socially inferior, a lesson in immorility?

Male aggression is largely attributed to spousal abuse Essay -- Marria

Missing Tables Male aggression is largely attributed to spousal abuse "The truth is somewhere outside the circle." -ancient proverb The pervasiveness of spousal abuse is traceable from culture to culture. Every culture has a its unique way of dealing with spousal abuse. The fact that spousal abuse is rampant among certain societies and is completely oblivious to others indicates that spousal abuse is politically, socially, and culturally determined. However, common sense validity would imply that male-dominance is the cause of spousal abuse. This is not always true. For instance, in some cultures there is not a clear-cut gender differentiation between males and females. For those cultures, the binary gender line that exists in the Western culture does not apply to them. Incidentally, this raises the question of whether or not there is a "third gender." To delve into the topic of male dominance as attributed to spousal abuse in its comprehensiveness is beyond the scope of this paper; rather, our purpose here is to show how male-dominance affects spousal abuse by taking the cross-cultural approach. Perhaps it is worthwhile to note that the husband-wife relationship is not a linear relationship for all societies. There are some societies where females were forced to take on the role of the husband. Because the husbands were usually away from their homes, the wives became 'heads of the household.' Furthermore, the wives were allowed to beat their husbands at will if they were found of wrongdoing. It absolutely violates and contradicts the husband and wife relationship, which permeates the Western culture. Interestingly, this reversal of gender role between husband and wife proves that the husband-wife r... ...ery) Pearson Correlation 1.000 .032 Sig. (2-tailed) . .801 N 142 63 V754 Wife-Beating Pearson Correlation .032 1.000 Sig. (2-tailed) .801 . N 63 70 Summary: In conclusion, it can be safely established that male aggression plays a major role in motivating spousal abuse. As indicated, in every instance where wife-beating occurs there is a high divorce rate. Furthermore, the significance of these findings show that aggressive behavior is not a biological fact. Briefly, it is not something innate or inborn. The fact that aggression is not grounded in biology suggests that it is culturally and socially constructed. In every society, men and women learn to behave through a process of enculturation. As seen through a case with the Nuer society, women often times take on the role of the husbands. For the westerners, this sometimes comes as a shock

Sensory Perception

Our senses nourish our brain like food feeds our body, without their input our brains would be very hollow and lacking of knowledge (Kirby & Goodpaster, 2007). For knowledge we heavily rely on what we perceive from our senses, as they provide first-hand experiences, giving us primary evidence on surroundings and situations. However human’s five senses touch, taste, sight, sound and smell also have their imitations, so therefore they each have weaknesses to the amount of accuracy of knowledge they can give. Starting from the sense of sight, a popular expression is â€Å"seeing is believing† as we depend on this sense to confirm reality. However beliefs from sight vary from person to person as we perceive things differently. An example of this would be the fact there was a time when people believed the earth was flat, as that was how it appeared as people could see the distant horizon as a straight line, it was only when the few thought otherwise went forth to prove against this knowledge that they were able to open new vistas of reality through their vision. Hearing, another sense has also been important for the use of human survival as a way of hearing unusual sounds that may stand for danger and for communication through language. However, human hearing can be limited, as often scientists find the existence or presence of sounds we cannot hear through our own ears. A human hearing deteriorates through age, as sensitivity towards sounds of higher frequency is lost. However our hearing is sophisticated enough that we can organize the sounds we hear, grouping and segregating these factors so in one aspect we hear what we want to hear. Sounds can also be interpreted or misinterpreted by different people as they stimulate varied emotions. As we generally connect the sounds we hear back to our memory, meaning we can recognize a person with a distinguishable voice. The sense of smell is important and is often used subconsciously for instinctual reasons. As recently discovered the extent to which the smell of a partner can affect our attraction to them. Our perceptions and evaluations others are influenced by their smell, as unpleasant smells connect to our disgusts or negative opinion of another. However, the perception of what is a good or bad smell can be interpreted differently between people as it is attached to previous knowledge gained. Knowledge, justification and critical thinking are three factors that contribute to the accuracy of sensory data (Mohanan, 2000). Critical thinking is the mental process of reflecting upon something to assess its credibility, truth, significance, usefulness, value or goodness on the basis of information available to us and a mode of justification that we consider legitimate. Critical thinking, knowledge and justification support the accuracy of information that our senses feed our brain. What we call knowledge is a collection of propositions that we believe to be true. A knowledge claim becomes part of the knowledge for an individual when the claim is accepted as true. Justification involves providing reasons for accepting propositions that we regards as knowledge, that is, for considering them to be true. It also involved providing reasons for rejecting the propositions that we regard as non-knowledge, considering them to be false. In other words, justification involves the defense of what we regards as true, and the refutation of what we regard as false. Observations, generalizations and theories are strategies of justification when using the senses as a viable way of gaining knowledge. Psychologists have long debated if perception is in fact due to nature or nurture. Beginning from the view point of nature, Gibson’s bottom up/direct theory that all the information we need to perceive is provided by our visual environment e. g. nature, rather than having to use past knowledge or experience (Mace, 2005). Additionally, Gibson and Gibson later proposed their Differentiation Theory which explains how the innate system develops. They suggested when young, we lack the ability to differentiate between objects. However, as we get older we develop the ability to differentiate, for this to take place all the necessary information needed is found is our visual environment. Next, from the view point that perception is a processes of nurture comes from Gregory’s top down/indirect theory which suggest that often the perceptual sensory data we receive is ambiguous and impoverished so perception often relies on the construction of sensory data, stored knowledge and expectations (McLeod, 2007). Research would suggest that although some argue that perception is due to nature, while other argues for nurture, it may in fact be that the two factors are interdependent and rely on each other. After all, it would be most adaptive to be born with some ‘hard wired systems’ which can be pruned and then developed to suit our environment. The human senses have enough strength to enable us to survive and develop our knowledge of our surrounding world to a point a point which we feel comfortable. Each sense has its limitations as well as its capability to be influenced by our inherited preferences, memories or previous knowledge. The senses an also be influenced by certain human states as tiredness, drug/alcohol abuse, nutritional deficiencies are all detrimental to the sensitivity of senses causing us to perceive something mistakenly. Our senses tell us similar things: through our different experiences in life we absorb the facts in different ways.

Jennifer McFadyen - ThoughtCo